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Sillustani, Puno, Peru

Sillustani is a pre-Inca cemetery on the shores of Lake Umayo near Puno in Peru.

The tombs, which are built above ground in tower-like structures called chullpas, are the vestiges of the Qulla people, who are Aymara conquered by the Inca Empire in the 15th century.

The structures housed the remains of complete family groups, although they were probably limited to nobility.

Entrance for Sillustani

Going up the access ramp to the Chullpas

Panorama of the east side of the peninsula

Lizard Chullpa
Veneration of the dead and kinship were integral parts of Aymara culture, and the huge chullpas or "chupa" at Sillustani were built to house the Aymara elite of the immediate pre-Inca and Inca period.

  • The word was used in the 19th century and comes from the Dictionary of Ludovico Bertonio (1612). Bertonio referred to the basket burials of the semi-nomadic pastoralists as "chulpas" and actually referred to stone towers as uta amaya "houses of the soul". However, the term "chullpa" remains used today for the towers.

Solar and Lunar Calendar Stones

Lizard Chullpa

Panorama of the east side of the peninsula

Detail of the fit of the stones in the Lizard Chullpa
Many of the chullpas at Sillustani show pre-Inca characteristics that were later redressed with Inca stone blocks.

  • Similar chullpas are found throughout the entire south Central Andes with the above ground burial styles going back at least to the mature Tiwanaku period (c. 500–950).

Entrance to the Lizard Chullpa
The only openings to the buildings face east, where it was believed the Sun was reborn by Mother Earth each day.

  • The insides of the tombs were built to hold entire groups of people, most likely extended families of the Aymara elite.
  • Corpses were not intentionally mummified, but in the dry environment created by the closed tomb, they survived for centuries.
  • Most mummy bundles indicate burial in a fetal position.
  • Some of the tombs also have various animal shapes carved into the stone.

Bodies of children were found in front of the Lizard Chullpa.

Chullpas in the west of the peninsula

Panorama of the west side of the peninsula

Chullpa where we can see the entrance and the interior

Chullpas next to the exit stairs

Going down the Sillustani exit stairs

Main Square of San Antonio de Umayo (Plaza Principal de San Antonio de Umayo).
This square features three statues representing Incas worshiping the rising sun.


See also

Source

Location

Location: 21115, Peru