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Great Synagogue, Rădăuți

A Jewish community was present before the Habsburg takeover, and is attested to have been overseen by a starost.

Many Jews fleeing the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria (as well as other Habsburg areas) from intense persecution and anti-Semitism during the Middle Ages settled in Rădăuţi. The community was allowed a degree of self-administration, and witnessed a period of prosperity and cultural effervescence during the 19th century.

The majority of Rădăuți's Jewish population was exterminated during the Holocaust. Persecutions became widespread around 1938, when Jews were harassed and attacked by authorities under the Octavian Goga government; they were confirmed by anti-Semitic legislation passed by the Ion Gigurtu cabinet, and, in late 1940, exceptionally violent following the establishment of the National Legionary State. In October 1941, all Jews present in Rădăuți (more than 10,000) were deported to concentration camps in Transnistria.

The synagogue in Radauti, Romania was formally rededicated following its renovation with a ceremony on July 25 that involved the Mayor of Radauti as well as national and local religious and Jewish communal leaders. The ceremony was followed by a symposium on Jewish in Radauti and the opening of an exhibit on Jews in southern Bucovina.

According to the Encyclopedia of Jewish Communities in Romania, published in Israel in 1980, the synagogue was built in the early 1880s (though some information from the Romanian Jewish community has given the date as 1879) and was linked to the Austro-Hungarian Emperor Franz Josef — Radauti (Radautz) is in Bucovina, the easternmost province of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The Encyclopedia notes controversy over its architecture.